Response to Rolf Zinkernagel and Paul Klenerman

Genentech, Inc

How did it start? It began in 1976 with a meeting over a glass of beer between Bob Swanson, then a bright young venture capitalist, and Herb Boyer (UCSF), who with Stan Cohen (Stanford) had just performed some of the key experiments of recombinant DNA technology. The meeting is now immortalized in a brass statue in the new Founders’ Research Center. Genentech was founded later that year, and cl...

Immune surveillance and AIDS progression

How did it start? It began in 1976 with a meeting over a glass of beer between Bob Swanson, then a bright young venture capitalist, and Herb Boyer (UCSF), who with Stan Cohen (Stanford) had just performed some of the key experiments of recombinant DNA technology. The meeting is now immortalized in a brass statue in the new Founders’ Research Center. Genentech was founded later that year, and cl...

Impairment of Cd4+ T Cell Responses during Chronic Virus Infection Prevents Neutralizing Antibody Responses against Virus Escape Mutants

We have shown previously that neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are important contributors to the long-term immune control of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, particularly if cytotoxic T cell responses are low or absent. Nevertheless, virus escape from the nAb response due to mutations within the surface glycoprotein gene may subsequently allow the virus to persist. Here we show that ...

Effects of promyelocytic leukemia protein on virus-host balance.

The cellular promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) associates with the proteins of several viruses and in some cases reduces viral propagation in cell culture. To examine the role of PML in vivo, we compared immune responses and virus loads of PML-deficient and control mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). PML(-/-) mice exhibited accel...

Gresser interferon . virus to alpha / beta interferon and to gamma Resistance of lymphocytic choriomeningitis